作者：Lingling Wei 来源：英文联播
Chinese and U.S. negotiators are mapping out talks to try to end their trade standoff ahead of planned meetings between President Trump and Chinese leader Xi Jinping at multilateral summits in November, said officials in both nations.
两国官员称，中国和美国谈判者正在筹划会谈，旨在于今年11月多边峰会特朗普总统和中国领导人会晤前结束两国的贸易对峙。
The planning represents an effort on both sides to keep a deepening trade dispute—which already has involved tariffs on billions of dollars of goods and could target hundreds of billions of dollars more—from torpedoing the U.S.-China relationship and shaking global markets.
这一计划表明，双方努力避免让日益激化的贸易争端破坏美中关系并撼动全球市场，目前两国争端已经涉及数百亿美元商品，可能还将对数千亿美元商品征税。
Scheduled midlevel talks in Washington next week, which both sides announced on Thursday, will pave the way for November. A nine-member delegation from Beijing, led by Vice Commerce Minister Wang Shouwen, will meet with U.S. officials led by the Treasury undersecretary, David Malpass, on Aug. 22-23.
周四两国宣布，下周计划在华盛顿进行的中层会谈将为11月铺路。在商务部副部长王受文带领下，9人中方代表团将于22日到23日与美国财政部副部长大卫·马尔帕斯会晤。
The negotiations are aimed at finding a way for both sides to address the trade disputes, the officials said, and could lead to more rounds of talks.
官员称，谈判旨在使双方找到解决贸易争端的办法，并启动更多轮会谈。
The talks represent a clear move by Beijing to get relations with Washington back on track that were cordial early in the Trump presidency and involved coordination to rein in North Korea.
会谈表明北京希望将其与华盛顿的关系恢复到特朗普执政初期、两国携手遏制朝鲜的友善轨道上来。
Those relations have soured, especially after Mr. Trump’s initial tariffs on Chinese imports, which he said were designed to punish Beijing for alleged intellectual-property violations and technology theft. The resulting tit-for-tat of trade threats and retaliation has hit China’s currency and stock markets.
可两国关系随后就恶化了，尤其特朗普先生开始对中国进口商品征税以来，他表示关税旨在惩罚北京涉嫌侵犯知识产权和盗窃技术的行为。由此引发“针尖对麦芒”的贸易威胁和报复行为打击了中国货币和股市。
Mr. Xi has instructed lieutenants to try to stabilize the bilateral relationship as soon as possible, according to advisers to the Chinese government. A prolonged and broader conflict with Washington, many officials and experts in China say, threatens to derail the Chinese leader’s plans to remake the economy and transform China into a global superpower.
中国政府的顾问说，中国领导人指示下属尽快稳定双边关系。许多中国官员和专家说，与华盛顿持续的、更广泛的冲突可能破坏中国领导人再造经济、将中国转型为全球大国的计划。
The talks, though, could also get derailed, especially as the U.S. continues to levy tariffs. So far the U.S. has imposed levies on $34 billion in Chinese goods, with tariffs on an additional $16 billion in goods scheduled to take effect next week. China has matched those tariffs dollar-for-dollar.
但谈判可能搞砸，尤其当美国要继续征收关税。到目前为止，美国对价值340亿美元的中国商品征税，另有160亿美元商品定于下周生效。中国对等价美国商品征收了关税。
U.S. officials have said America’s strong economy is giving Washington leverage in the negotiations.
美国官员表示，美国经济增长强劲，这让华盛顿在谈判中占据优势。
“I think investors are moving out of China because they don’t like the economy, and they’re coming to the USA because they like our economy,” said Lawrence Kudlow, the White House’s top economic official, at a cabinet meeting on Wednesday. “Right now, their economy looks terrible.”
“我想投资者离开中国，因为他们不喜欢这个经济体，他们到美国来，因为他们喜欢我们的经济体，”白宫首席经济顾问劳伦斯·库德洛周三在一次内阁会议上说。“现在，他们的经济看起来很糟糕。”
But there are differing views on how to respond. The Treasury and Mr. Kudlow’s National Economic Council have put together a pared-down list of requests to China that they think could be a basis for a deal.
但他们对如何应对观点有所不同。财政部和库德洛的国家经济委员会拼凑了一份削减过的对华要求清单，他们认为这是达成协议的基础。
But the U.S. trade representative’s office, which is in charge of tariffs, wants to hold off on negotiations, arguing that additional levies would give the U.S. more bargaining power by October, said people briefed on the discussions.
但负责关税的美国贸易代表办公室希望叫停谈判，他们认为进一步征收关税将使美国在10月前获得更多谈判筹码，通报讨论内容的人说。
China’s Foreign Ministry didn’t respond to a request for comment. The U.S. Treasury declined to comment ahead of next week’s talks. So far, Mr. Trump hasn’t decided between the two camps and will weigh in when there is a deal on the table, U.S. officials said.
中国外交部没有做出回应。美国财政部也拒绝对下周的谈判做出评价。美方官员说，到目前为止，特朗普还未在两个阵营间做出选择，等协议摆在桌子上，他才会斟酌。
Messrs. Trump and Xi would meet first at the leaders’ summit of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, which involves 21 economies, in mid-November, said officials in both nations. That would be followed by a second session at the Group of 20 leaders’ summit in Buenos Aires at the end of November.
两国官员说，特朗普先生和中国领导人将在11月中旬由21个经济体组成的亚太经合论坛领导人峰会上进行今年首次会面。11月底，布宜诺斯艾利斯举行的20国集团领导人峰会上将第二次见面。
Negotiators often find that a scheduled meeting between two leaders gives an urgency to negotiations and in this case would signal the leaders’ desire not to have the trade battle spin out of control.
谈判者经常发现两国领导人计划会晤时，谈判会显得时不我待，这一次，两国领导人不希望贸易争端脱离控制。
U.S. and Chinese leaders have often met at these summits, but when Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin attended the G-20 meeting of finance chiefs last month, he held no formal meetings with Chinese officials.
美国和中国领导人经常在这些峰会上会晤，但财政部长斯蒂芬·姆钦上个月参加二十国集团财长会议时，没有和中国官员正式会晤。
Next week, while the negotiators meet, the U.S. trade representative will hold public hearings on the administration’s plans for tariffs on an additional $200 billion in Chinese imports.
下一周，谈判者会面时，美国贸易代表将举行公众听证会，讨论政府对2000亿中国进口商品征收关税的计划。
Beijing has pledged to respond in kind, and Chinese media are urging the public to prepare for a protracted trade war with the U.S.
北京表示要以牙还牙，中国媒体敦促公众做好与美国打一场持久战的准备。
“You’re beginning to talk about serious economic effects,” said Josh Kallmer, senior vice president at the Information Technology Industry Council, a trade association of high-technology companies, which opposes tariffs.
“你开始讨论严重的经济影响，”反对关税的高科技公司产业联盟信息技术产业委员会高级副主席乔什·考尔默说。
In Beijing, senior Chinese officials in recent days have been meeting with U.S. business executives, trying to get them to lobby the Trump administration against its proposed tariffs.
最近几天，北京的中国高级官员与美方企业高管会晤，试图让他们游说特朗普政府，反对拟议中的关税。
On Friday, Zhang Mao, head of China’s antitrust body, met with Craig Allen, president of the U.S.-China Business Council, and some representatives from American companies, according to the antitrust body’s website.
周五，中国反垄断机构负责人张茅会见了美中贸易全国委员会会长克雷格·艾伦和部分美国公司代表，国家市场监督管理总局网站消息称。
Mr. Zhang stressed the need to negotiate, according to the statement, and called for U.S. companies operating in China to “play an active role” in developing the bilateral trade relationship.
公告表明，张先生强调有必要进行谈判，呼吁在华美国公司在发展双边贸易关系行“扮演积极角色”。
In Washington, business groups have been urging the White House to ease their demands of China. During May talks in Beijing, U.S. negotiators handed Chinese counterparts an eight-point list that would require China to cut the trade deficit by $200 billion, scrap the industrial policies that have helped make China the world’s second-largest economy and pledge not to oppose the U.S. at the World Trade Organization on lawsuits against Beijing. China never came close to meeting those demands.
在华盛顿，企业集团正敦促特朗普不要对中国太过严厉。5月在北京的谈判中，美国谈判者递交给中国同行8点意见，要求中国削减2000亿美元贸易逆差、取消帮助中国成为世界第二大经济体的产业政策并承诺不反对美国在世贸组织对北京提起诉讼。中国从未答应这些要求。
Treasury has worked on a more refined list of demands that hew more closely to what business groups think are possible.
财政部搞了一份更精致的要求，削减到企业集团认为更有可能被接受的程度。
They include reduction of subsidies, elimination of overcapacity in steel, aluminum and other industries, cessation of pressure on U.S. companies to transfer technology, additional purchases of U.S. goods and services and strengthening of the yuan, which has fallen nearly 10% against the dollar since April, making U.S. products more expensive in China and Chinese products cheaper in the U.S.
其中包括削减补贴、消除钢铁、铝和其他产业的产能过剩、停止对美国公司施加压力要求其转让技术、继续购买美国商品和服务并让人民币升值。四月以来，人民币贬值接近10%，这让美国商品在中国更昂贵，中国商品在美国却更便宜。
The U.S. trade representative’s office, in particular, argues that Beijing hasn’t made any credible efforts to deal with U.S. complaints about intellectual property transfer and theft.
美国贸易代表办公室尤其认为，北京没有做出任何让人信赖的努力，以应对美国公司对知识产权转让和盗窃的诉求。
Some Chinese officials believe U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer has an “old concept” of trade theory and are wary of dealing with him, one Chinese official says.
部分中国官员相信，美国贸易代表罗伯特·莱特希泽仍然秉持贸易理论的“老旧概念”，一个中国官员说，他们对与他接触的态度很警惕。
U.S. officials say that Mr. Lighthizer believes pressure on Beijing would force U.S. and other foreign companies to relocate operations outside of China, weakening Beijing’s ability to develop new technologies.
美国官员说，莱特希泽先生认为对北京施压可以迫使美国和其他外国企业将业务转移出中国，削弱北京发展新技术的能力。
来源时间：2018/8/20 发布时间：2018/8/19
旧文章ID：16826
